This Ribbon whitepaper explains how independent network operators (INOs) can monetize excess fiber capacity. With rising demand from 5G, cloud services, smart cities, and IoT, INOs can lease fiber to wholesalers and service providers using dark, dim, or lit models. Success depends on building flexible aggregation networks that support diverse services, from residential broadband to mission-critical business needs. Key strategies include multi-service aggregation, scalable “pay-as-you-grow” equipment, and open, interoperable systems. With 5G driving dynamic, assured, and deterministic connectivity needs, INOs can unlock new revenue streams by offering flexible, future-proof transport networks.

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