Healthcare data is among the most sensitive categories of personal information, making it a prime target for breaches—over 40 million patient records were compromised in 2021, costing providers $6 trillion. Privacy laws worldwide set strict standards. HIPAA in the U.S. mandates patient consent, breach notifications within 60 days, and “minimum necessary” use. The EU’s GDPR treats health data as special category data, requiring explicit consent and breach reporting within 72 hours. Brazil’s LGPD and Thailand’s PDPA mirror these protections, while the UAE prohibits cross-border transfers. Collectively, these laws strengthen trust, security, and accountability in global healthcare.

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