The RAND white paper examines how deepfakes and AI-driven disinformation threaten national security and societal trust. Deepfakes—synthetic videos, images, voices, and text—can manipulate elections, exacerbate social divisions, erode institutional trust, and spread false narratives. Key risks include foreign adversaries using AI to scale disinformation campaigns. Mitigation strategies focus on detection technologies, content provenance standards, regulatory measures, open-source intelligence tools, and media literacy programs. The report urges collaboration between governments, tech companies, and civil society to counter these evolving threats effectively.

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