ZeroFox’s Synthetic Media: A Primer defines synthetic media as AI-generated or modified content that includes six categories—deepfakes, image synthesis, audio synthesis, speech synthesis, natural language generation, and AI art. While these technologies have legitimate uses, they are increasingly exploited for fraud, misinformation, and impersonation. Examples include deepfake scams, fake job applications, and non-consensual pornography. Nation-states and cybercriminals use synthetic media to spread disinformation and conduct social engineering. ZeroFox recommends prevention through awareness training, detection via deepfake analysis tools, crisis response planning, and verification using blockchain or watermarking to protect digital authenticity.

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