This paper explains how HIPAA protects electronic protected health information by enforcing privacy and security requirements that directly affect APIs used in healthcare systems. The Privacy Rule governs how ePHI may be used and disclosed, while the Security Rule mandates administrative, physical, and technical safeguards to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability. APIs handling ePHI must use encryption for data in transit and at rest, enforce strict access controls, and maintain audit trails to track access and modifications. Non-compliance can result in significant financial penalties, legal consequences, and loss of trust, making strong API security and monitoring essential for healthcare organizations managing sensitive patient data.

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