Uber Freight analyzes 500,000 loads and $18B in freight data to assess how heavy-duty battery electric trucks (HDBEVs) can decarbonize a sector that emits 260M tons of GHGs annually. Early adoption will center on short local hauls (<150 miles), which are 26% of loads but only 3.2% of miles, so long-haul corridors and interstate highways must also be electrified to materially cut emissions. Key hurdles are range, payload gaps, sparse charging and grid capacity, but optimized charger placement, shipper-hosted chargers and policy incentives (IRA, EPA, CARB, ACT) can unlock scale. Over time, coordinated infrastructure and synergies with hub-to-hub autonomous trucks could make electric freight both viable and transformative.

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