This white paper explores the growing risks of shadow IT—unauthorized software, services, and devices used without IT approval—and its impact on security, compliance, and operational efficiency. Using the iceberg analogy, it illustrates how unseen applications beneath the surface expose organizations to data breaches, regulatory violations, customer trust erosion, support challenges, and financial losses. The paper outlines why shadow IT continues to grow in cloud-first and remote environments and provides guidance on identifying it through behavioral analytics, DNS filtering, and regular audits. It also presents a practical mitigation framework focused on employee education, clear technology policies, enforcement through filtering and firewall controls, and centralized SaaS management. Th

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