The Philip Morris International white paper *Innovation Under Pressure* explores how disruptive technologies—from AI to biotech—can address global challenges but often face skepticism, regulation gaps, and polarized debate. Survey data from 10 countries shows optimism about innovation’s ability to improve healthcare, fight climate change, and reduce hunger, but concerns over misinformation, ethics, and adoption remain. Case studies highlight nuclear energy, biotech, fintech, and smoke-free tobacco alternatives as examples of innovation struggling with trust and policy hurdles. The paper calls for balanced regulation, constructive skepticism, and collaboration among business, policymakers, and civil society to harness innovation’s potential responsibly.

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