The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) enforces strict data privacy and security standards for any organization handling EU citizens’ personal data, regardless of location. It mandates clear consent, data portability, the right to be forgotten, and breach notifications within 72 hours. Fines for noncompliance can reach €20 million or 4% of global revenue. Compliance requires encryption, access control, monitoring, and regular testing aligned with frameworks like ISO 27001 and NIST. Organizations must appoint a Data Protection Officer, train staff, and adopt continuous monitoring, vulnerability management, and change control to ensure data integrity and trust.

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