This global survey of over 320 IAM and security leaders reveals that machine identities now outnumber human identities in most organizations, often by tenfold. Despite their scale and risk, machine identities are harder to manage, frequently lack ownership, and rely heavily on manual processes. Many organizations struggle with visibility, auditing, and deletion of dormant accounts, increasing overprovisioning and compliance failures. The study highlights significant security exposure due to unmanaged service accounts, bots, IoT devices, and SaaS integrations. It concludes that dedicated governance and automation for non-human identities are essential to mitigate escalating risk.

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