Generative AI’s complexity demands computing power beyond most enterprises’ capacity, making supercomputers essential. With tens of thousands of CPUs/GPUs and ultra-fast node-to-node communication, they excel at training massive AI models efficiently. Liquid cooling boosts sustainability and performance, while reducing energy waste to as little as 3%. Supercomputers outperform cloud for tightly coupled, large-scale workloads, though HPC-as-a-service can suit one-time training needs. Success also requires AI expertise, robust data management, and resilient infrastructure to handle failures without costly restarts.

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