Ransomware has evolved into polymorphic strains that bypass signature-based defenses, using phishing, misconfigurations, and vulnerabilities as entry points. Modern attacks now focus on stealing intellectual property for double extortion, with cryptocurrencies like Monero making payments harder to trace. The rise of malware-as-a-service has fueled explosive growth, with over 3.6 million variants analyzed. Critical infrastructure such as ICS and SCADA systems face growing threats from ransomware like EKANS, which targets industrial processes. CyberArk recommends removing local admin rights, enforcing least privilege, and applying application control as key defenses against ransomware’s expanding tactics.

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