3 Introduction Supply chains are more complex and global than ever before — and each link in the chain multiplies the risks. In a globalized world, organizations must rely on materials and parts transported from other regions. More and more of those suppliers and middlemen outsource part or all of their business activities to other companies. These might not be in the same country or even the same trading bloc. Even if you’re a U.S.-based company buying American products from a supplier in the same state, you could still find that supply relies on, for example, manufacturing facilities in China, logistics teams in India, and distribution companies headquartered in Spain. In other words, a single company’s supply chain could involve thousands of smaller connections, networks, agreem

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