IN 2008, the Missouri Department of Trans- portation (MoDOT) found itself in the unen- viable position of having one of the highest percentages of structurally deficient and func - tionally obsolete bridges of any state in the coun- try. In order to remedy this condition, MoDOT boldly reinvented Alternative Project Delivery (APD) by bundling 554 small bridges into a sin- gle design-build contract called “Safe & Sound.” MoDOT seized this oppor

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