FAILURE OF CLEAN-IN-PLACE RETURN PIPING IN DAIRY FOODS PROCESSING CASE STUDYDairy products are particularly vulnerable to spoilage and the rapid growth of bacteria, making clean-in-place (CIP) systems essential to cost-efficient sanitary operations. CIP systems for dairy processing must meet specific requirements for temperature, cycle time, and chemical concentrations to effectively prevent contamination from harmful microorganisms. However, chemicals — which may be needed for effective cleaning — can also lead to corrosion unless systems use appropriate designs and alloys. Corrosion can occur in CIP system components when chlorides and other corrosives are present. Appropriate System Design Proper system design ensures avoidance of low-drain areas and stagnant conditions. The pres

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