The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard enabling AI agents to securely and consistently interact with tools and data via JSON-RPC over HTTP/SSE or STDIO. It provides a uniform “USB-C” interface so agents can call any service through standardized actions, improving reliability and scalability. MCP’s adoption is growing, with support from Microsoft and Cloudflare. However, current security is basic, lacking built-in authentication, fine-grained permissions, and supply chain safeguards. Future improvements include OAuth integration, role-based access, streaming protocols like WebSockets, and sandboxing. MCP aims to become AI’s default integration layer.

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