Swarm Learning is a decentralized machine learning (ML) approach leveraging blockchain technology for secure, privacy-preserving, and efficient data processing. Unlike centralized ML, which faces challenges like data sovereignty, security risks, and high infrastructure costs, Swarm Learning enables models—including language models—to be trained at distributed data sources without transferring raw data. This enhances security, efficiency, and fault tolerance while ensuring compliance with privacy regulations. It fosters collaboration across organizations, supports monetization models, and reduces latency for real-time decision-making. Applications range from healthcare and urban mobility to deep space research, revolutionizing AI-driven insights.

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