Frost & Sullivan argues commercial-vehicle fleets face rising complexity as inflation lifts parts/labor and wages, emissions rules evolve, truck shortages force fleets to keep vehicles longer, driver shortages persist, and geopolitics disrupt supply chains—raising total cost of ownership (TCO). It frames TCO as acquisition, driver/training, operating costs (fuel is often ~25–30%), service/maintenance, and downtime, warning that poor fleet management drives avoidable fuel burn, breakdowns, and productivity losses. The paper recommends integrated actions: preventive maintenance, driver coaching, smarter route/refueling planning, and telematics for real-time tracking, diagnostics, and scheduling. A major theme is “fluid strategy”—selecting and managing lubricants/fluids to reduce friction, protect components, support aftertreatment systems, and extend service intervals—tailored by application (on-road/off-road) and region (climate, fuel quality, regulation).

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