This SANS white paper reviews the U.S. National Cybersecurity Strategy and EO 14028, focusing on zero trust, identity management, and software supply chain security. It highlights the shift from perimeter-based defenses to continuous verification, least privilege access, and strong authentication. The paper promotes the Zero Trust Maturity Model (ZTMM) for phased implementation. It also emphasizes SBOM adoption, vendor assessments, and secure development practices. Public-private collaboration, workforce development, and modernizing infrastructure are central to building long-term cyber resilience.

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