This report examines the rapid rise of lithium-ion battery fires worldwide, driven by growth in electric vehicles, micromobility devices, and battery energy storage systems. It explains thermal runaway, why lithium-ion fires burn hotter, last longer, and can reignite days later, and why they pose unique challenges for firefighting and insurers. The document highlights urban risks, EV and battery storage incidents, regulatory responses (including UL 9540/9540A and EU Battery Regulation), and the implications for property damage, business interruption, liability, and insurance availability. The report emphasizes early detection, safe storage, quality control, and proactive risk management.

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