This whitepaper explores the growing threat of deepfakes to biometric security, highlighting how AI-generated synthetic media can spoof facial recognition systems through presentation and injection attacks. As deepfake and cheapfake tools become more accessible, traditional liveness detection is challenged, especially by sophisticated injection methods that bypass cameras. The paper details three core deepfake techniques—face swapping, face synthesis, and facial manipulation—and outlines advanced mitigation strategies, including multi-modal analysis, digital watermarking, motion and frame analysis, and injection detection, underscoring the need for a comprehensive defense against evolving digital fraud.

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