Hardware-based security plays a vital role in healthcare by safeguarding sensitive patient data and ensuring compliance with strict regulations such as HIPAA. Applications include encryption of electronic health records (EHRs), securing medical devices, identity and access management, and protecting transactions within healthcare systems. Hardware Security Modules (HSMs), which are tamper-resistant devices designed to securely generate, store, and manage cryptographic keys, serve as foundational trust anchors for these tasks. They protect data confidentiality and integrity both at rest and in transit, counteract ransomware and data breaches, and support secure communication among interconnected medical technologies.

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