The shift to remote work during the COVID‑19 pandemic accelerated reliance on VPNs, RDP, and other remote access tools, creating new vulnerabilities that threat actors quickly exploited. This environment fueled the rise of Initial Access Brokers, cybercriminals who infiltrate corporate networks and sell that entry to ransomware groups, APTs, and other attackers. By scanning for exposed endpoints, exploiting weak credentials, and leveraging stolen data, these brokers streamline cyberattacks and lower the barrier for sophisticated campaigns. Their growing role highlights the expanding underground marketplace and the increasing need for stronger access security and monitoring.

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