This report analyzes trends in U.S. medicine spending with a focus on affordability for patients, payers, and governments. It examines total drug expenditures, out-of-pocket costs, and the distribution of spending across therapeutic areas, highlighting the growing burden of specialty medicines. The analysis shows that while overall medicine spending growth has moderated, patient cost exposure remains uneven, particularly for uninsured and underinsured populations. The report also explores the role of rebates, insurance design, and policy interventions in shaping affordability outcomes. It emphasizes that improved access, benefit design reforms, and targeted policy solutions are necessary to balance innovation incentives with sustainable patient affordability.

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