The report **“Harnessing Blockchain Technology for Commodity Chains”** explores blockchain’s potential in agri-food systems. It highlights benefits like improved transparency, traceability, reduced fraud, and fairer value distribution, especially for smallholders. Use cases from coffee and tuna to nutmeg show potential, but evidence of ROI remains limited. Key challenges include technical complexity, high costs, interoperability issues, and unclear regulation. Pilot results are mixed; many fail due to unrealistic expectations and poor planning. Success hinges on thoughtful implementation, ecosystem collaboration, and aligning blockchain with broader development goals.

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