In 2021, malware rebounded sharply following a decline during the pandemic, with detections rising across Windows, Mac, and Android platforms. Cryptominers, adware, and spyware surged, while ransomware, though down in volume, inflicted severe damage by targeting entire organizations. Macs were overwhelmed by potentially unwanted programs and adware, and Android saw widespread adware alongside stealthier threats like stalkerware and pre-installed malware. High-profile incidents such as Colonial Pipeline and Kaseya highlighted cybersecurity as a national security issue. Legacy vulnerabilities and fragile supply chains underscored systemic weaknesses, emphasizing the need for modern security practices and a shift from patching to resilience.

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