Quantum cryptography prevents financial fraud NPL is working on technologies to underpin the security of online shopping and international financial transactions. Quantum cryptography uses our knowledge of physics to develop a security system that can't be beaten without the knowledge of those sending and receiving data. It relies on physics rather than mathematics. The word quantum refers to the most fundamental behaviour of the smallest particles of matter and energy. Quantum cryptography works because information is transmitted in the smallest units of light energy - photons. The laws of quantum mechanics mean these photons can't be cloned - so an eavesdropper on a secure transmission can be immediately detected. The unconditional security guaranteed by quantum cryptography is of enormo

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