Introduction Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of the coconut. Ripe coconuts have thick, strong brown coir, which is typically used in upholstery padding, sacking and horticulture. Unripe coconuts have fine, white or light brown coir, which is used in producing household products such as mats, brushes, strings, ropes and fishing nets to name a few. To harvest coir traditionally, the fibrous husks are soaked in pits or in nets in either fresh water or sea water or both to swell and soften the fibers prior to extraction. The brown coconut coir has become popular growing substrate or medium in horticulture due to its high lignin content, which lasts long, holds more water, and does not shrink when dry allowing for easy re

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