case study A public library in New Jersey recently needed to replace hand- rail on its main entrance ramp which was no longer fit for service. Originally designed with an egress, the ramp and the original handrail provided walking and wheelchair access for those with disabilities. In an effort to prevent further access limitations, the local gov- ernment hired an outside contractor, specializing in waterproofing and restoration projects, to provide a solution to accessibility. Winters in the Northeast can be hard on metallic railings. Oftentimes, the below-freezing temperatures can alter the molecules of metals by manipulating the transitioning points of ductility to brittleness of these materials. The constant snow shoveling and extended exposures to calcium chloride-based snow and

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