FORSA PAO2016 dispersant ensured pipeline operation Challenges • Crude oil entering the pipeline was already below the paraffin cloud point (temperature at which solid paraffin begins to form), making it extremely difficult to treat economically and effectively • No precedent on which to base a chemical application design Results • Treatment prevented the weekly 12-hour shut-in to replace the rupture disk after pigging operation • Preventing shut-in recovered the 12 hours of lost oil transport (~18,000 bbl oil) each week • Savings to the operator equates to an annualized amount of $43.9 million USD in deferred production (based on estimate of $47/bbl) The operator of a major oil transmission line in the Central Rockies was pigging a 16-mile (25.

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