Background The Beli Iskar Dam is situated 60 km from Sofia in the Rila National Park, Bulgaria, at the foot of the Moussala Summit and at an elevation of approximately 1,800 m. It was constructed in 1935-1945 and put into service in 1948. The main function of the dam is to balance the natural run-off of the Beli Iskar River and to provide water to the communities in the Rila Mountain region and parts of Sofia. The dam is of concrete gravity type, with a maximum height of 51 m and a crest length of 533 m. The dam underwent repairs from 1997-1999. In 2002, one of the most important construction projects in Bulgaria was the rehabilitation of the Beli Iskar Dam. Challenge Bulgaria occupies the central part of the most seismic region of Europe — the Balkans, and it is exposed to the

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