CASE STUDY 30752 Boron isotopes in foraminifera Climate change research at the University of Southampton Objective The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere plays a key role in determining the state of the Earth’s climate. This is true over geological time (thousands to millions of years), as well over the last 150 years ago when humanity has been emitting this potent greenhouse gas to the atmo- sphere in vast quantities, increasing its concentration from around 280 ppm (typical of normal interglacial levels) to 410 ppm (last observed 3 Ma ago; de la Vega et al., 2020), trapping more heat and causing the global mean surface temperature to increase by around 1 o C. To understand exactly what is in store for the Earth in the years to come as we continue to increase

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