The project Renovation of BMO Field, an outdoor stadium located on the shores of Lake Ontario in Toronto, Canada, included an 8,400-seat expansion, signicant upgrades to the hospitality zones, and twin canopies to provide cover to the east and west grandstands. The challenge While construction of foundations for the east grandstand was straightforward – large-diameter drilled shafts bearing on rock approximately 6m below existing grade – design and construction of BMO Field expansionfoundations for the west canopy was considerably more involved. This was primarily due to an existing, multi-million-dollar SubAir system crowding the footprint of the new foundations. Access restrictions from existing oor plans, small footprint, low headroom and multiple buried services also resulted in majo

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