Black Liquor Recovery - Hydro-Thermal Corp. Fluid: 67% Black Liquor Flow Rate: 80 GPM [22 m3/hr] Inlet Temperature: 180°F [82°C] Discharge Temperature: 250°F [121°C] Fluid Supply Pressure: 65 PSIG [4.5 bar] Steam Supply Pressure: 150 PSIG [10.3 barg] Steam Superheat: Yes, to 400°F [204°C]Mead Paper in Kingsport, Tennessee, USA, needed to eliminate severe vibration and hammering caused by an existing black liquor heater on gun loop to the recovery boiler. The previously installed direct contact steam heater was a one-of-akind, simple in-line sparging device. Because of inadequate condensing capabilities and external control of mass steam flow rate, unstable heating and rough operation caused damage to associated piping and fittings. This is not an uncommon problem when heating heavy

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