The Challenge: Maximizing Upgrader Performance and Profits. GS-Caltex is headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, and is the country’s second largest refiner. To upgrade their facility and begin processing lower quality oil feedstocks, such as heavy and sour crudes from Venezuela, Canada or the Middle East, into high-quality oils and lubricants for export, they added a heavy oil upgrader unit to help provide the marketplace with more valuable and useful feedstocks and end products – and boost GS-Caltex’s profitability. To fully optimize the profit potential of these crudes – and minimize both operating expenses and environmental impact – the safe and efficient removal of sulfur-containing species, including H 2 S and mercaptans, would be critical. Methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) was i

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