Autonomous trucking is moving from pilots to early commercialization, with most systems operating at SAE Level 4 (highway- and condition-limited autonomy) using sensors (camera/radar/LiDAR), AI/ML, HD maps/GPS, and vehicle-to-vehicle/infrastructure comms. It promises near-24/7 utilization (bypassing hours-of-service limits), lower cost per mile via reduced driver expense and more efficient driving, improved safety by reducing human-error crashes, and relief for driver shortages by shifting humans to first/last-mile, remote oversight, and tech support roles. Major hurdles include weather/edge cases, fragmented regulation, liability/insurance, infrastructure (markings/5G), integration of dispatch/telematics/warehouse systems, and public trust; adoption is expected to scale in phases from 202

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